Heating system



Nov. 1, 1932. c. G. BORDEAUX HEATING SYSTEM Filed June 12, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 F/al llvnwmk 6/01/02 6 fiordeaax W W Arr-mavens 1932- c. G. BORDEAUX 1,885,225

HEATING SYSTEM v Filed June 12. 1950 2 Sheets-Sheefi 2 INVENTOP C/aaoe G fioroeaax Arrow/vars Patented Nov. 1, 1932 PATENT- OFFICE CLAUDE G. BORDEAUX, OF SLINGERLANDS, NEW YORK HEATING SYSTEM Application filed June 12, 1930. Serial No. 460,632.

My invention relates to heating systems and particularly to systems for heating the interior of motor Vehicles propelled by internal combustion engines.

The general objects of my invention are to provide a device of this character which may be readily attached to anyinternal combustion engine; which is simple and compact; which will positively operate with only periodic inspection and attention"; in which 0 there is no danger of asphyxiation or poisoning from the gases of combustion; in which the heat radiating element or elements may be comparatively small because of the high temperature at which the system operates; and which will begin to operate atl iigh temperatures substantially with the starting of the engine. More specifically, my invention includes certain novel elements and arrangements thereof whereby a comparatively small yolume of Water is rapidly heated and ex panded in a primary heater to cause an intermittent overflow therefrom to a vaporizer or superheater which, in turn, supplies steam to the heating system, together with means water in the primary heater.

With these objects in view my invention includes the novel elements and the combina Fig. 4 is an enlarged cross section of a needle valve arrangement for regulating the supply of water to the system; a

v Fig. 5 is a cross section of Fig. 4 in the 4 plane 5-5;

F ig. 6 is a plan view of a valve element; Fig. 7 is an elevation view, partially in section, of a radiator with an air purging device;

for automatically replenishing the supply of Fig. 8 shows a detail of the air purging device; Fig. 9 is a side view of the device shown in Fig. 8, and

Fig. 10 is a-fragmentary sectional elevation illustrating the radiator located beneath the seat of a vehicle.

Referring to the drawings, 1 is an internal combustion engine provided with the usual exhaust pipe, 2. Appropriately mounted near the exhaust pipe is a vaporizing and superheating element, 3. This element 'com prises an outer casing, 4, and an inner casing,

5, spaced from the outer casing to form between them a hot gas chamber, 6,-communieating directly with the exhaust fpipe, 2, through pipes, 7. The casing, '5, orms a. chamber within which water, supplied from a source hereinafter described, is vaporized and superheated, and this casing ma be provided on its exterior surface with an es, 8, adapted to absorb heat from the gases 0 combustion and transmit it to the water or vapor in the superheating chamber. v

9 represents generally a primary heating element within which the water or other volatile liquid used in the heating system is preheated and expanded to efl'ect delivery to the superheater. Heat is supplied to this element by the flow of exhaust gases from the chamber, 6, through pipe, 10, a chamber, 11 (see Fig." 2) and the pipe, 12, back to the main exhaust pipe, 2.

The element, 9, comprises a casing, 13, prefs erably'cylindrical, which is threaded into a 35 flanged element, 14, forming a closure therefor at the bottom. Exteriorly threaded on the element, 14, is a chamber forming means, 15, provided with openin s, 16 and 17 adapted to permit the flow 0 the exhaust gases 99 through said chamber. The element, 14:, is provided with a centrally disposed, interiorly threaded boss, 18, and a small tubular element, 19, provided with heat absorbing flanges, 20, is threaded into the boss, 18, and depends downwardly into the chamber, 11. A-short pipe, 21, is threaded into the upper portion of the boss, 18, and serves to su port a. valve element, represented generally by the numeral 22, which is designed to regulate 100 the supply of water delivered to the tubular which simply lies on top of the element, 23.

Threaded on the member, 23, is a cover, 27 the top of which is spaced somewhat above the washer, 26, sot-hat clearance is provided for the washer to be raised to the position, 26, for example. Connected to the cover, 27, is a small pipe, 28, which leads upwardly and out of the casing, 13; the joint between the pipe, 28, and casing, 13, being sealed. This pipe, 28, extends upwardly and opens into the superheating chamber, as best shown in 1% water reservoir, 29, provided with a vented filler cap, 30, is provided, as shown in Fig. 1, having its bottom about on the level with the bottom of the chamber, 13, and its .top at about the level of the top of chamber,

13. The water reservoir communicates with the lower part of the casing, 13, by means of pipe, 31, and, between thelwater reservoir and casing, 13, there is interposed in the pipe line,

31, a needle valve, 32. shown in detailed cross section in Figs. 4 and 5. This valve eiement is provided with a needle, 33, adapted to seat in the openings, 34, and themeedle, 33, is centrally secured to a rather loosely fitted piston, 35, adapted to move in cylinder, 36 the piston, 35, being provided with guiding elements, 37 coacting with slotsin the cylinder walls to maintain the piston substantially normal to the cylinder axis.

In operation, water is introduced into the reservoir, 29, and the system is filled by filling the reservoir, 29, to capacity. Bearing in mind that the piston, 35, fits cylinder, 36, rather loosely, the water pressurefiens the needle valve and the water seeps past the pis-* ton during the filling operation and fills the chamber, 13, to the top. The waterpressure in the chamber, 13, acting upwardly through the passages, 24, against washer, 26, raises the washer and permits water to flow downwardly into the tubular element, 19.

When the engine is started, the hot gases of combustion will exhaust through the chamber, 6, and downwardly through pipe, 10, through chamber, 11, about the tubular element, 19, and thus outwardly through the pipe, 12, into the main exhaust pipe, 2. To shut ofi' the heating system, the passage of the gas from chamber, 6, to chamber, 11, is preventedby asuitable butterfly valve, 38, with an operating rod, 39, provided as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. When this valve is opened the small quantity of water in the tubular element, 19, is heated, and by expansion is forced upwardly through the pipes 19 and 28,

into the superheating chamber where it is entirely vaporized and superheated and passes upwardly through the pipe, 40, to the upper part of the radiator, 41, which in the embodiment illustrated is located in a space 41a separated from the remaining portion of the heating system. Here,the vapor expends its? heat and is condensed, the condensation flow-,1 ing downwardly through the radiator and-7 into pipe, 42, back to the casing, 13, through the opening 43. In addition to its function of placing the heating system in or out of operation, the valve, 38, is used to control the feeding of water to the generator and thus in directly regulate the heating of the vehicle.

It will be obvious that as ressure is de+ veloped in the system comprising the tubular so that no more water can enter the tubular, I element. In order to balance the pressure on both sides of the valve washer, 26, the super-;

heating chamber is connected to the upper part of the chamber, 13, by means of a pipe, 44. Also any excess pressure upon the lower side of washer, 26, due, for example, to re? turning condensate, will effect an opening: of the valve and a flow of water to element, 19,

Provided there is no loss of water in the System, the vaporization of the water, the

superheating and the condensing will con} tinue indefinitely as long as heat is applied about tubular element, 19. To put the system out of operation it isonly necessary to close thebutterfly valve, 38, thuslcuttin'g ofi all heat about the tubular element, 19, and

preventing further expansionQor vaporization of water. Furthermore, as pressure develops-"I in the system'it will be apparent that thj needle valve, 32, will be maintained iii-closed however, theheating system'is shut off position because the pressure ih 1thej Syst-e'1p will naturally exceed the atmospherio pre'ssure on the water in -reservoir,;329. When,

closing valve,'38, and any water has been lost in the system, a partial vacuum will' be created therein which will permit opening of the needle valve by atmospheric pressure, and replenishing of the water in the heating system.

In Fig. 7 I have illustrated a radiator equipped with an automatic air-purging valve which may be used in my system. 45 represents the radiator shell which in this case is preferably cylindrical and threaded at one end to receive the cap, 46, enclosing the purging valve. diaphragm,'47, having openings, 48, therein and centrally supporting an expansible element, 49, such as a sylphon bellows filled with ether. This bellows carries a needle, 50, adapted to seat in an opening, 51, in the end of cap, 46, when the bellows is expanded. Vapor is introduced into the radiator through pipe, 40, and condensate flows off through pi e, 42.

n operation, this radiator may be substituted for the radiator 41. The expansible element is adjusted so that, at ordinary temperatures, the needle, 50, is withdrawn from its seat and air may pass through the valve opening in the end of cap 46. When the steam from the superheater enters the radithe pipe, 28, into the superheater in a manner quite similar to the water movement in such a device. a

If the system is entirely sealed, of course, theoretically at least, no water is lost and no reserve reservoir, such as 29, is necessary. However, the provision of this element permits the system to operate without attention for a much longer time than a system having no reserve supply and I therefore prefer to include it in my system.

I While I have described my invention in its preferred embodiment it is to be understood that the Words which I have used are words of description rather than of limitation and that changes within the purview of a the appended claims may be made without departing from the true scope and spirit of'my invention in its broader aspects.

What I claim is 1. In a heating system, a source of hot gases, a radiator, a steam generator, a conduit connecting said generator to said radiator, a primary heater and generator feeding device connected to said generator and adapted to contain a small quantity of liquid, means for heating said primary heater by said hot gases and thereby expandhlg the fluid therein and forcing the same into said generator in small quantities, and means for returning the condensate from said radiator to said primary heater.

2. In a heating system, a source of hot gases, a radiator, a steam generator, a conduit connecting said generator to said radiator, a primary heater and generator feeding device connected to said generator and adapted to contain a small quantity of liquid, means for heating said generator by said hot gases, means for heating said primary heater and thereby expanding the fluid therein and forcing the same into said generator in small quantities, and means for returning the'condensate from said radiator to said primary heater.

3. In a heating system, a source of hot gases, a radiator, a-steam generator, a conduit connecting said generator to said radiator, a primary heater and generator feeding dev1ce connected to said generator and adapted to contain a small quantity of liquid, means for heating said generator and said primary heater b said hot gases and therey expanding t e fluid in said primary heater and forcing the same into said generator in small quantities, and means for returning the condensate from said radiator to said primary heater.

4. In a heating system, a source of hot gases, a radiator, a steam generator, a conduit connecting said generator to said radiator, a primary heater and generator feeding device, connected to said generator and adapted to contain a small quantity of liquid, means for heating said primary heater by said hot gases and thereby expanding the fluid therein and forcing the same into said generator in small quantities, means for returning the condensate from said radiator to said primary heater, a liquid supply reservoir and means for feeding liquid from said supply reservoir into said heating system. L

5. In a heating system, an internal com" bustion engine, a radiator, a steam generator, a conduit connecting said generator to said radiator, a primary heater and generator feeding device connected to said generator and adapted to contain a small quantity of liquid, means for heating ,said generator and said primary heater by the exhaust gases from said internal combustion engine and thereby expanding the fluid in said primary heater and forcing the same into said generator in small quantities, and means for returning the condensate from said radiator to said primary heater.

6. In a heating system, an internal combustion engine, a radiator, a steam generator, a conduit connecting said generator to said radiator, a primary heater and generator feeding-device connected to said generator and adapted to contain a small quantity of liquid,-means for heating said generator and said primary heater by the exhaust gases from said internal combustion engine and thereby expanding the fluid in said primary heater and forcing the same into said genradiator, a primary heater and generatorfeeding device connected to said generator and adapted to contain a small quantity of liquid, a reservoir communicating with said primary heater. for supplying liquid thereto,

automatic means for controlling the supply of liquid from said reservoir to said primary heater, means for heatingsaid generator and said primary heater in said hot gases means for returning the con ensate from sald radiator to said pirima'ry heater, and means for t e amount of heat applied to controlling said primary heater. 7

8. In ajheating system, an internal combustion engine, a radiator, a steam generator, a conduit connecting said generator and said radiator, a primary heater and generator feeding device connected. to said generator and adapted to contain a small quantity of liquid, a liquid supply means for said primary heater, means comprising a valve having a normally closed element for controlling the flow of liquid from said liquid supply means to said primary heater, means for heatin said primary heater by the exhaust gases rom said internal combustion engine and thereby forcing liquid therefrom into said generator by the expansion of fluid in said primary heater and in quantities Suficiently small to be entirely vaporized in said generator, and means for returning the condensate from said radiator to said primary heater.

9. In combination, a vehicle, an internal combustion engine mounted therein, a heating system comprising a radiator located in a space separated from the remaining portions of the system, a conduit connecting said generator to-said radiator, a primar heater and generator feeding device adapted to contain a small quantity of liquid, means for heating said generator and said primary heater by the exhaust gases from said internal combustion engine and thereby expending the fluid in said primary heater and forcing the same into said generator in small quantities, and means for returning the condensate from said radiator to said primary heater.

CLAUDE G. BORDEAJUX. 

